Why is Haiti Gang Crisis happening?
Haiti Government vs Gang Coalition (Viv Ansanm) · Since 2021-07-07
📋What is happening?
Haiti's gang crisis escalated dramatically after President Jovenel Moïse was assassinated in July 2021. By 2024, the Viv Ansanm coalition of gangs controlled 80-85% of Port-au-Prince and had effectively collapsed state authority. The country has had no functioning elected government, and the Multinational Security Support Mission (MSS) led by Kenya arrived in 2024 to restore order.
👥Who is fighting?
Viv Ansanm (Living Together) is a coalition of rival gangs, including G9 (led by 'Barbecue') and GPEP. The Haitian National Police (PNH) is severely outgunned. Kenya leads the MSS multinational security mission with 1,000+ officers from Kenya, Jamaica, and others. The US provides funding and logistics.
❓Why did it start?
Haiti's gang crisis stems from: (1) state collapse following Moïse assassination; (2) decades of political instability and weak institutions; (3) 2010 earthquake destruction never fully recovered; (4) oligarchic elite use of gangs as political tools; (5) US deportation of criminals contributing to gang leadership.
📰What's the latest?
As of April 2026, gangs control most of Port-au-Prince. The Kenya MSS mission has faced significant casualties and limitations. A presidential council is attempting to stabilize governance. Humanitarian conditions are catastrophic with millions facing food insecurity.
📍Where is it happening?
Port-au-Prince and surrounding areas are most affected. Cité Soleil, Martissant, Croix-des-Bouquets, and Delmas are gang strongholds. Gang violence has spread to provincial cities.